The structure of the PLC and the function of each part similar to a computer

The structure of the programmable controller is varied, but the general principles of basic same, are the structure of the microprocessor as the core. Usually by the central processing unit ( CPU) , storage, RAM、ROM） , input and output unit ( I / O) , power supply and programmer and so on several parts. The central processing unit ( CPU) CPU as the core of PLC and to play the role of a commander in chief. The CPU usually consists of a control circuit, logic unit and registers. These circuits are usually is encapsulated in an integrated circuit chip. The CPU through the address bus, data bus, control bus connected to the storage unit, input/output interface circuit. CPU function has the following several: read the instructions from memory and execute instruction, take the next instruction, handling interrupts. Memory ( RAM、ROM） Storage is mainly used for storing system program, the user program and the work data. Memory storage system software called system program memory; Memory called user program memory storage application software; Store work data memory is called data storage. Commonly used block RAM, EPROM and EEPROM memory. RAM is a kind of read and write operations can be random access memory to store the user program, to generate the user data area, that is stored in the RAM user program can be easily modified. RAM is a kind of high density, low power consumption, price cheap semiconductor memory, available do standby power lithium batteries. Off the electricity, can effectively keep the stored information. Block, EPROM, EEPROM are read-only memory. With these types of storage curing system management procedures and application. Input/output unit ( I/O unit) I/O unit is, in fact, input and output signal transmission between PLC and the controlled object interface components. The I/O unit have good electrical isolation and filtering effect. Received the PLC input interface of input devices are all kinds of switches, buttons, sensors, etc. The output of PLC control device is often electromagnetic valve, contactor, relay, and relay has ac and dc type, high voltage and low voltage, voltage type and current type. Power PLC power supply unit including the system of power supply and backup battery, power supply unit is the external power supply is converted into the internal operating voltage. PLC controller is a regulated power supply used for PLC CPU unit and I/O unit power supply. PLC programming device programmer is one of the most important peripheral devices. Using the PLC programmer to a user program into memory, you can also use programmer check program, modify the program, monitoring the working state of PLC. In addition, add the appropriate on the PC hardware interface and software package that can use personal computer programming of PLC controller. Using microcomputer as a programmer, can be directly compiled and displays a ladder diagram.
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