The application of PLC in CNC flat device

1, the preface, we all know, the use of traditional ordinary flat device for workpiece flat operations, the flat surface smoothness and plane degree, will be affected by the accuracy of cutting tool and the operator of proficiency, and many other factors. In view of such problems, we developed a CNC flat machine, it can work continuously in accordance with the input feed curve, always maintain high precision and high efficiency, so as to fully guarantee the quality of flat head. 2, control of CNC flat machine control requirements for: ( 1) Control system should be adjustable cutter processing program; （ 2) Different processing stages can choose different machining speed and machining depth. Idle when feed curve is shown in figure 1, when processing feed curve is shown in figure 2; （ 3) Spindle speed should be adjustable, and the scope should be broad; （ 4) Machining precision is high, the material surface smoothness requirement for Ra 1 or less. 6μm； （ 5) Scale size precision: + 0. Graph 2 5 mm figure 1 idle feed processing feed curve 3, the system hardware design according to the requirements of the system control hardware configuration is as follows: programmable controller: a Siemens S7 - The 200 series CPU222PLC controller; The man-machine interface: 1 DP210; Peripherals: two stepping motors, stepper motor drives, 2, 1, three-phase motor frequency converter, a EM222, 8 electromagnetic switch, 4 photoelectric sensor and a hall sensor. 3. 1 system I/O points allocated by the hardware structure, the system requires five input output points and 14 points. CPU222PLC has eight input points and six dots, so you need to add an extension module, select output digital quantity extension module EM222 at 8 o 'clock. The input point is I0. 0 - 钱数。 7. Dots is Q0. 0 - Q0处。 5 and Q1. 0 - Q1。 7, distribution: see table 1 and table 2 table 1 input terminal distribution unit 2 output terminals in table 3. 2 key equipment part is PLC controller system. PLC is based on single chip microcomputer as the core special used in industrial process automation control devices, computer has a very high reliability and stability. The system selects the Siemens S7 - 200 series CPU222PLC as control core, the use of CPU222 two-way independent 20 KHZ high-speed pulse output to control the movement of stepping motor. This high speed pulse signal cannot be directly driving stepper motor, by stepping motor drives the power amplifier to work. No. 5 digital quantity input connected to a sensor 5 respectively, used to judge the position of the stepper motor, the location of the workpiece and the location of the cutting head. 14 digital output, there are 6 road is used to control stepping motor drive, 8 road is used to control electromagnetic valve switch. PLC, this machine has a communication port for RS - standard 485 excuse, the PLC and PC communication RS - must be Converted into a standard RS - 485 interface 232 interface, can use four doors provide isolation type PLC/PPI cable. The cable has a dial the code switch can be set. After a few general control software written in the upper, download a program through the line and monitor the running situation. In order to reduce costs, after debugging the program can do not have to use a machine to operate and control, simple operation panel can be used instead. This system selection is DP210 operation panel. 3. 3 peripheral system according to the requirements of the system of cutting tool machining accuracy high, selects the stepper motor to control the process. Stepper motor can be accurate to a pulse, in this system, the precision of a pulse is 0. 005mm。 Used to drive the stepper motor, stepping motor drive to control the action of the cutting head, flat head. Receive signals to PLC stepper motor drives, including CP stepper pulse signal, DIR direction signals, FREE offline signal, through its internal power amplifier circuit and processing circuit after behind the output to the connection of two phase stepping motor. Stepper motor according to the serial number of the signal to generate the corresponding action. Electromagnetic valve directly to control signal from the PLC. In addition, the PLC controller directly to the sensor signal, through the internal process of arithmetic and logical judgment to determine the output. Inverter is used to control the spindle speed of three-phase motor. Frequency converter used in the system operation mode, the basic parameters by the potentiometer to set operation frequency, start and stop of frequency converter is controlled by external terminals. Based on the characteristics of different artifacts, through rotating potentiometer to change the speed of the spindle motor, external terminal signal is controlled by PLC digital output of 12 road. 4, system software design software of the system including the human-computer interaction interface DP210 procedures and master control program of the system. DP210 program to complete the dialogue between operators with PLC, mainly the interaction between the various operational picture transformation, and each operation frame corresponding to different buttons of PLC program control. Program frame adapted to work with the scene of the production process, the more the more utilization rate is high in front of the picture. After the operation of the PLC controller program to receive DP210 signal, according to the job requirements for control of the whole work of the cutting tools. The main program flow chart shown in figure 3. Master control program of PLC is the core control of the stepper motor control, start the 1 # stepper motor program as shown in figure 4, control the direction of the motor program as shown in figure 5. In figure 3, the main program flow tutu 1 # 4 stepper motor start-up procedure figure 5 1 # stepper motor selection process ( 2 stepper motor motion control similar to # 1 # stepper motor)
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